| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Betula pubescens Ehrh. s. l. |
Betulaceae » |
Moor-Birke
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Betula pubescens Ehrh. |
accepted |
| Betula concinna Gunnarsson |
Synonym |
| Betula alba L., nom. utique rej. prop. (vide Govaerts 1996: Taxon 45: 697-698) |
Synonym |
| >Betula pubescens subsp. pubescens |
accepted |
| >Betula pubescens Ehrh., s. str. |
Synonym |
| >Betula pubescens subsp. carpatica (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Asch. & Graebn. |
accepted |
| >Betula carpatica Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. |
Basionym |
| >Betula pubescens var. carpatica (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) W. D. J. Koch |
Synonym |
| >Betula alba var. glabrata (Wahlenb.) Muñoz Garm. & Pedrol |
Synonym |
| >Betula pubescens var. glabrata Wahlenb. |
Synonym |
|
| DNA content » |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
1.5 |
| Chromosome number |
28 |
| Quality |
chromosome number known, but does not occur in Germany [n] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
| Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1991: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 334:309-345 |
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
4 |
| End of flowering (months) |
5 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
2 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
3 (Prunus avium-Ranunculus auricomus-Phase)
Phenological season: end of early spring |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
| Reference |
Atkinson, M.D. 1992: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Betula pendula Roth. (Betula verrucosa Ehrh.) and Betula pubescens Ehrh.. Journal of Ecology 80:837-870 |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Bengt, J. (Hrsg.) 2000: Flora Nordica 1. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
mo (monoecious) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Rothmaler, W. 1990: Exkursionsflora. Band 4, Kritischer Band. 8. Aufl., Verlag Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
g2 (protogynous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
| Reference |
Holm, S.-O. 1994: Reproductive patterns in Betula pendula and B. pubescens coll. along a regional altitudinal gradient in northern Sweden. Ecography 17:60-72 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| SI mechanism » |
| SI mechanism |
GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) |
| Reference |
de Nettancourt, D. 1977: Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer, Berlin |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
wi (wind)
Pollen vector group: ab (abiotische Bestäubung) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
| Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
1 (none) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
light brownish green |
| Basic flower colour |
gr (green) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
W (wind flowers)
Typical pollinators: - |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
0 (not applicable) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Nu (nut) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
F (fruit) |
| Diaspore type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
F (fruit) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
always [1] |
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.1 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.1 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.3 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.1 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.1 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.3 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
3.1 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.2 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.1 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.2 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.3 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
True |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.4 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
1.8 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.4 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.7 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
0.9 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.4 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.1 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.2 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.3 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
3.1 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.2 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.1 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.2 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.3 |
| special references:
|
| Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
|
| Brzeziecki, B., Kienast, F. 1994: Classifying the life-history strategies of trees on the basis of the Grimian model. Forest Ecology and Management 69:167-187 (Gattung)
|
| Atkinson, M.D. 1992: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Betula pendula Roth. (Betula verrucosa Ehrh.) and Betula pubescens Ehrh.. Journal of Ecology 80:837-870 (Gattung)
|
| Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
| Berggren, G. 1981: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 3 (Salicaceae-Cruciferaceae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
| Müller, P. 1955: Verbreitungsbiologie (Diasporologie) der Blütenpflanzen. Veröffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes Rübel Zürich . Verlag Hans Huber, Bern. (Gattung)
|
| Peinado, M., Moreno, G. 1989: The genus Betula (Betulaceae) in the Sistema Central (Spain). Willdenowia 18:343-359 (Gattung)
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
S3.2.1 (null)
Alliance: Salicion cinereae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
S3.2.2 (null)
Alliance: Betulion pubescentis
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
07.4 (Communities of clear-felled areas)
Class: Epilobietea angustifolii
|
| English circumscription |
09.3 (Willow marsh shrublands)
Class: Carici-Salicetea cinereae
|
| English circumscription |
10.1 (Alder marsh woodlands)
Class: Alnetea glutinosae
|
| English circumscription |
10.8 (Boreal-continental coniferous forests with dwarf scrubs)
Class: Vaccinio-Piceetea
|
| English circumscription |
10.9 (Bog bilberry pine-forests)
Class: Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetea
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