| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Cornus sanguinea L. |
Cornaceae » |
Blutroter Hartriegel
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Cornus sanguinea L. |
accepted |
| Swida sanguinea (L.) Opiz |
Synonym |
| >Cornus sanguinea subsp. sanguinea |
accepted |
| >Cornus sanguinea subsp. hungarica (Kárpáti) Soó |
accepted |
| >Cornus hungarica Kárpáti |
Basionym |
|
| DNA content » |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
1.8 |
| Chromosome number |
22 |
| Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
| Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1991: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 334:309-345 |
|
| Life form » |
| Life form |
N (Nanophanerophyte) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Life span » |
| Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Vegetative propagation » |
| Vegetative propagation |
ws (Root shoot) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Root metamorphoses » |
| Root metamorphoses |
ws (Root shoot) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Rosettes » |
| Rosettes |
r (Erosulate plant) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| special references:
|
| Kollmann, J., Grubb, P.J. 2001: Biological flora of Central Europe: Cornus sanguinea L.. Flora 196:161-179
|
| Hensen, I. 1997: Life strategies of xerothermic grasslands - mechanisms of reproduction and colonization within Stipetum capillatae s.l. and Adonido-Brachypodietum pinnati. Feddes Repertorium 108:425-452
|
| Beijerinck, M.W. 1887: Beobachtungen und Betrachtungen über Wurzelknospen und Nebenwurzeln. Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. , Afd. Natuurk. , Tweede Sect. 25:1-146
|
| Kiermeier, P. 1983: Ausläuferbildung an Gehölzen. Z. f. Vegetationstechnik 6:60-64
|
| Rauh, W. 1937: Beiträge zur Morphologie und Biologie der Holzgewächse. I. Entwicklungsgeschichte und Verzweigungsverhältnisse arktisch-alpiner Spaliersträucher. Nova Acta Leopold. N. F. 5:289-348
|
| Rauh, W. 1938: Über die Verzweigung ausläuferbildender Sträucher mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Beziehung zu den Stauden. Hercynia 1:187-231
|
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
5 |
| End of flowering (months) |
6 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
2 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
6 (Cornus sanguinea-Melica uniflora-Phase)
Phenological season: start of early summer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
| Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
ge (geitonogamy)
Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
possible [5] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
white |
| Basic flower colour |
w (white) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
A (flowers with open nectar)
Typical pollinators: beetles, flies, syrphids, wasps, medium tongued bees |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
1.2a (disk flowers with nectar open) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
StF (drupe) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
F (fruit) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
FT (part of fruit) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
169.4 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
FT (part of fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
30.0 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
35.2 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
40.3 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
5.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
6.5 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
8.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
5.0 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
6.5 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
8.0 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
5.0 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
6.5 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
8.0 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
FT (part of fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
5.0 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
6.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
3.5 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
4.7 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
5.0 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
3.5 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
4.6 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
5.0 |
| special references:
|
| Taylor, K. 1999: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Cornus suecica L. (Chamaepericlymenum suecicum (L.) Ascherson & Graebener). Journal of Ecology 87:1068-1077 (Gattung)
|
| Anderberg, A.L. 1994: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 4 (Resedaceae - Umbelliferae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
|
| Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
|
| Grassland utilization indicator values » |
| Occurrence |
W (forest edges and related ecotones) |
| Guild |
H (woody plant) |
| Mowing tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to mowing)) |
| Grazing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to grazing)) |
| Trampling tolerance |
9 (very tolerant to trampling) |
| Foraging value |
2 (no or little forage value) |
| Foraging value for deer |
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
T1.1.1 (null)
Alliance: Fagion sylvaticae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T1.1.2.4 (null)
Alliance: Quercetalia pubescentis
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T2.1.2 (null)
Alliance: Prunetalia spinosae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T2.1.2.1.1 (null)
Alliance: Berberidion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
09.3 (Willow marsh shrublands)
Class: Carici-Salicetea cinereae
|
| English circumscription |
09.4 (Willow communities of river banks and floodplains)
Class: Salicetea purpureae
|
| English circumscription |
09.5 (Blackthorn and buckthorn shrubs)
Class: Rhamno-Prunetea spinosae
|
| English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests)
Class: Carpino-Fagetea
|
| English circumscription |
10.4 (Thermophilous dry oak forests)
Class: Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae
|
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