| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Daucus carota L. |
Apiaceae » |
Wilde Möhre
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Daucus carota L. |
accepted |
| >Daucus carota subsp. carota |
accepted |
|
| Chromosome number » |
| Basic chromosome number |
9 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
18 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
| Ploidy type |
D (diploid with haploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
| DNA content » |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
1.2 |
| Chromosome number |
18 |
| Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
False |
| Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J. 1997: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms - 583 new estimates. Annals of Botany 80:169-196 |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
1.0 |
| Chromosome number |
18 |
| Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
False |
| Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J. 1995: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Annals of Botany 76:113-176 |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
2.0 |
| Chromosome number |
18 |
| Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
| Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1976: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 274:227-274 |
|
| Life form » |
| Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Life span » |
| Life span |
b (biennial) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Life span |
h (pluriennial-hapaxanthic) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Storage organs » |
| Storage organs |
r (Primary storage root) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Root metamorphoses » |
| Root metamorphoses |
r (Primary storage root) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Rosettes » |
| Rosettes |
h (Hemirosette plant) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| special references:
|
| Dale, H.M. 1973: The biology of Canadian weeds. 5. Daucus carota L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 54:673-685
|
| Pütz, N., Sukkau, I. 1995: Comparative examination of the moving process in monocot and dicot seedlings using the example Lapeirousia laxa (Iridaceae) and Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae). Feddes Repertorium 106:475-481
|
| Verkaar, H.J., Schenkeveld, A.D. 1984: On the ecology of short-lived forbs in chalk grasslands: life history characteristics. New Phytologist 98:659-672
|
| Boorman, L.A., Fuller, R.M. 1984: The comparative ecology of two sand dune biennials: Lactuca virosa L. and Cynoglossum officinale L.. New Phytologist 96:609-629
|
| Gross, K.L. 1981: Predictions of fate from rosette size in four "biennial" plant species: Verbascum thapsus, Oenothera biennis, Daucus carota, and Tragopogon dubius. Oecologia (Berlin) 48:209-213
|
| Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1987: Vergleichend-ökomorphologische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen-Taxa eines Trocken- und Feuchtbiotops. Hercynia N. F. 24:408-424
|
| Hensen, I., Kentrup, M. 1998: Teucrio botryos-Melicetum ciliatae (Traubegamander-Wimpergrasflur) - Lebensstrategien in einer xerothemen Fels-Pioniergesellschaft. Tuexenia 18:217-236
|
| Briemle, G., Schreiber, K.F. 1994: Zur Frage der Beeinflussung pflanzlicher Lebens- und Wuchsformen durch unterschiedliche Landschaftspflegemaßnahmen. Tuexenia 14:229-244
|
| Kästner, A., Karrer, G. 1995: Übersicht der Wuchsformentypen als Grundlage für deren Erfassung in der "Flora von Österreich". Florae Austriacae Novit. 3:1-51
|
| Kutschera, L., Lichtenegger, E. 1992: Wurzelatlas mitteleuropäischer Grünlandpflanzen. Bd. 2 Pteridophyta und Dicotyledonae (Magnoliopsida). Teil I Morphologie, Anatomie, Ökologie, Verbreitung, Soziologie, Wirtschaft. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena, New York
|
| Salisbury, E. 1952: Downs and dunes. Their plant life and its environment. Bells & Sons, London
|
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
| End of flowering (months) |
9 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase)
Phenological season: midsummer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
| Reference |
Holm, L., Doll, J., Holm, E., Pancho, J., Herberger, J. 1997: World Weeds. John Wiley & Sons, New York |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: Sexuelle Samenproduktion, da keine Apomikten in Gattung bekannt |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
mo (monoecious) |
| Abundance |
never [6] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny |
gd (gynodioecious) |
| Abundance |
never [6] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny |
am (andromonoecious) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
a2 (protandrous) |
| Reference |
Dale, H.M. 1973: The biology of Canadian weeds. 5. Daucus carota L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 54:673-685 |
| Dichogamy |
a3 (pronounced protandrous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
| Reference |
Holm, L., Doll, J., Holm, E., Pancho, J., Herberger, J. 1997: World Weeds. John Wiley & Sons, New York |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
se (selfing)
Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
rare [4] |
| Reference |
Holm, L., Doll, J., Holm, E., Pancho, J., Herberger, J. 1997: World Weeds. John Wiley & Sons, New York |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Holm, L., Doll, J., Holm, E., Pancho, J., Herberger, J. 1997: World Weeds. John Wiley & Sons, New York |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
XF (facultative allogamous) |
| Reference |
Dale, H.M. 1973: The biology of Canadian weeds. 5. Daucus carota L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 54:673-685 |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
white or yellowish |
| Basic flower colour |
w (white) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
A (flowers with open nectar)
Typical pollinators: beetles, flies, syrphids, wasps, medium tongued bees |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
1.2a (disk flowers with nectar open) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
SpF (schizocarp) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
TF (mericarp) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
TF (mericarp) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
always [1] |
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.8 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.1 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.5 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.8 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.1 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.5 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.3 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
3.7 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.5 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.8 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
3.2 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
| Constraint |
True |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
2.9 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
1.8 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.6 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.3 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
3.7 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.5 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.8 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
3.2 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
| special references:
|
| Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
|
| Thompson, K., Band, S.R., Hodgson, J.G. 1993: Seed size and shape predict persistence in soil. Functional Ecology 7:236-241 (Gattung)
|
| Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
|
| Briemle, G. 1996: Farbatlas Kräuter und Gräser. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Gattung)
|
| Anderberg, A.L. 1994: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 4 (Resedaceae - Umbelliferae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
|
| Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
| Frey, W., Hauser, A. 1996: Onopordetum acanthii (Eselsdistel-Gesellschaft) im mittleren und unteren Unstruttal - Lebensstrategien in einer wärmeliebenden Ruderalgesellschaft. Hausknechtia, Beiheft 6:1-84 (Gattung)
|
| Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
|
| Tutin, T.G. 1980: Umbellifers of the British Isles. Botanical Society of the British Isles Handbook No. 2 . London. (Gattung)
|
|
| Grassland utilization indicator values » |
| Occurrence |
N (fallow lands) |
| Guild |
K (forb) |
| Mowing tolerance |
6 (between 5 and 7 (moderately tolerant to well tolerant to mowing)) |
| Grazing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to grazing) |
| Trampling tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to trampling)) |
| Foraging value |
4 (between 3 and 5 (little to intermediate forage value)) |
| Foraging value for deer |
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
T10.3.3.1 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T5.1 (null)
Alliance: Thlaspietea rotundifolii
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T6.2.2.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Bromion erecti
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T7.1.2 (null)
Alliance: Arrhenatherion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T8.1.2 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T8.2.2.2 (null)
Alliance: Echio-Melilotion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
04.3 (Communities of boulders and scree)
Class: Thlaspietea rotundifolii
|
| English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands)
Class: Festuco-Brometea
|
| English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands)
Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
|
| English circumscription |
06.5 (Eusiberian ruderal mugwort and thistles communities, and couch-grasslands)
Class: Artemisietea vulgaris
|
| English circumscription |
07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones)
Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
|
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