species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Filipendula vulgaris Moench |
Rosaceae » |
Kleines Mädesüß
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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|
Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Filipendula vulgaris Moench |
accepted |
Filipendula hexapetala Gilib., nom. inval. (op. utique oppr.) |
Synonym |
Spiraea filipendula L. |
Nomen Substitutum |
|
Chromosome number » |
Basic chromosome number |
7 |
Chromosome number 2n |
14 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
Ploidy type |
D (diploid with haploid basic number) |
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
Basic chromosome number |
7 |
Chromosome number 2n |
15 |
Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
Most common chromosome race |
False |
Ploidy level |
|
Ploidy type |
|
Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
Life form » |
Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Life span » |
Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Vegetative propagation » |
Vegetative propagation |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs » |
Storage organs |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Storage organs |
sw (Secondary storage root) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Shoot metamorphoses » |
Shoot metamorphoses |
rh (Rhizome) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Root metamorphoses » |
Root metamorphoses |
sw (Secondary storage root) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
Rosettes » |
Rosettes |
h (Hemirosette plant) |
Qualifier |
always [1] |
special references:
|
Hensen, I. 1997: Life strategies of xerothermic grasslands - mechanisms of reproduction and colonization within Stipetum capillatae s.l. and Adonido-Brachypodietum pinnati. Feddes Repertorium 108:425-452
|
Tamm, C.O. 1948: Observations on reproduction of some perennial herbs. Botaniska Notiser 101:305-321
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Asby, G. 1973: Development of root buds in Cnidium dubium and in some other herbaceous plants. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 68:30-40
|
Golubev, V.N. 1957: Materialy k ekologo-morfologiceskoj i geneticeskoj charakteristikje zhizjennych form travjanistych rastenij. Botaniceskij Zhurnal 42:1055-1072
|
Beijerinck, M.W. 1887: Beobachtungen und Betrachtungen über Wurzelknospen und Nebenwurzeln. Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. , Afd. Natuurk. , Tweede Sect. 25:1-146
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Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1987: Vergleichend-ökomorphologische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen-Taxa eines Trocken- und Feuchtbiotops. Hercynia N. F. 24:408-424
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Rauh, W. 1937: Die Bildung von Hypokotyl- und Wurzelsprossen und ihre Bedeutung für die Wuchsformen der Pflanzen. Nova Acta Leopold. N. F. 4:395-553
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Kutschera, L., Lichtenegger, E. 1992: Wurzelatlas mitteleuropäischer Grünlandpflanzen. Bd. 2 Pteridophyta und Dicotyledonae (Magnoliopsida). Teil I Morphologie, Anatomie, Ökologie, Verbreitung, Soziologie, Wirtschaft. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena, New York
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Salisbury, E. 1952: Downs and dunes. Their plant life and its environment. Bells & Sons, London
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Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
End of flowering (months) |
7 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
2 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
7 (Ligustrum-Stachys sylvatica-Phase) Phenological season: end of early summer |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
Reference |
Weber, H.E. 1995: Rosoideae. In: Hegi, G.B. (Hrsg.) Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, 4 (2A), S. 269-659, Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Weber, H.E. 1995: Rosoideae. In: Hegi, G.B. (Hrsg.) Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, 4 (2A), S. 269-659, Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin |
Dicliny |
am (andromonoecious) |
Abundance |
rare [4] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy |
a1 (slightly protandrous) |
Reference |
Weber, H.E. 1995: Rosoideae. In: Hegi, G.B. (Hrsg.) Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, 4 (2A), S. 269-659, Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
Reference |
Weidema, I.R., Magnussen, L.S., Philipp, M. 2000: Gene flow and mode of pollination in a dry-grassland species, Filipendula vulgaris (Rosaceae). Heredity 84:311-320 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
SI mechanism » |
SI mechanism |
GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) |
Reference |
de Nettancourt, D. 1977: Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer, Berlin |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
wi (wind) Pollen vector group: ab (abiotische Bestäubung) |
Abundance |
unknown [0] |
Reference |
Weidema, I.R., Magnussen, L.S., Philipp, M. 2000: Gene flow and mode of pollination in a dry-grassland species, Filipendula vulgaris (Rosaceae). Heredity 84:311-320 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Pollen vector |
in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
Abundance |
unknown [0] |
Reference |
Weidema, I.R., Magnussen, L.S., Philipp, M. 2000: Gene flow and mode of pollination in a dry-grassland species, Filipendula vulgaris (Rosaceae). Heredity 84:311-320 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
Reference |
Weidema, I.R., Magnussen, L.S., Philipp, M. 2000: Gene flow and mode of pollination in a dry-grassland species, Filipendula vulgaris (Rosaceae). Heredity 84:311-320 |
Floral rewards » |
Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
1 (none) |
Floral rewards |
2 (pollen) |
Reference |
Weber, H.E. 1995: Rosoideae. In: Hegi, G.B. (Hrsg.) Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, 4 (2A), S. 269-659, Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin |
Amount of floral reward |
1 (none) |
Floral rewards |
2 (pollen) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Amount of floral reward |
4 (plenty) |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
white |
Basic flower colour |
w (white) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
UV reflection of the flower » |
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
Po (pollen flowers) Typical pollinators: short tongued bees, syrphids, flies, beetles |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
1.1 (pollen flower) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
SaNu (aggregate nutlets) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
Fch (fruitlet) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
Fch (fruitlet) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
|
Development of flat appendages |
|
Development of elongated appendages |
sometimes [2] |
Development of additional appendages |
|
Weights » |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
Fch (fruitlet) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.5 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.8 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.0 |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
Fch (fruitlet) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.5 |
Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.8 |
Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.0 |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
3.0 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.9 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.4 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.7 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
3.0 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
4.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.9 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.4 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
0.7 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.0 |
special references:
|
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
|
Thompson, K., Band, S.R., Hodgson, J.G. 1993: Seed size and shape predict persistence in soil. Functional Ecology 7:236-241 (Gattung)
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Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
|
Briemle, G. 1996: Farbatlas Kräuter und Gräser. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Gattung)
|
Anderberg, A.L. 1994: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 4 (Resedaceae - Umbelliferae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
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Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
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Stockey, A., Hunt, R. 1994: Predicting secondary succession in wetland mesocosms on the basis of autecological information on seeds and seedlings. Journal of Applied Ecology 31:543-559 (Gattung)
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Strykstra, R.J. 1997: Seed dispersal in a Dutch grassland reserve. . Univesity of Ulster, Coleraine. (Gattung)
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|
Grassland utilization indicator values » |
Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
Guild |
K (forb) |
Mowing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to mowing)) |
Grazing tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to grazing)) |
Trampling tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to trampling)) |
Foraging value |
2 (no or little forage value) |
Foraging value for deer |
|
|
Habitat » |
Habitat |
T1.1.2.4.2 (null) Alliance: Potentillo albae-Quercion petraeae
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T6.2.2.2.3 (null) Alliance: Bromion erecti
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T6.2.2.3.1 (null) Alliance: Cirsio-Brachypodion
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
Habitat |
T7.3.2 (null) Alliance: Molinion coeruleae p.p.
|
Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
|
|
Class » |
English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands) Class: Festuco-Brometea
|
English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands) Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
|
English circumscription |
07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones) Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
|
English circumscription |
09.5 (Blackthorn and buckthorn shrubs) Class: Rhamno-Prunetea spinosae
|
English circumscription |
10.4 (Thermophilous dry oak forests) Class: Quercetea pubescentis-petraeae
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