| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Melampyrum arvense L. |
Scrophulariaceae » |
Acker-Wachtelweizen
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Melampyrum arvense L. |
accepted |
| Melampyrum arvense subsp. arvense , s. str. |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum arvense subsp. pseudobarbatum (Schur) Beck |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum arvense subsp. schinzii Ronniger |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum arvense subsp. semleri (Ronniger & Poeverl.) Ronniger |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum pseudobarbatum Schur |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum schinzii Ronniger |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum semleri Ronniger & Poeverl. |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum arvense var. arvense |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum arvense var. pseudobarbatum (Schur) Beck |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum arvense var. schinzii (Ronniger) Hartl |
Synonym |
| Melampyrum arvense var. semleri (Ronniger) Hartl |
Synonym |
| >Melampyrum arvense subsp. arvense |
accepted |
|
| Chromosome number » |
| Basic chromosome number |
9 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
18 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
| Ploidy type |
D (diploid with haploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
| End of flowering (months) |
9 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
7 (Ligustrum-Stachys sylvatica-Phase)
Phenological season: end of early summer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
| Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
| Reference |
Mathhies, D.Koch, M., Bernhardt, K.G. (Hrsg.) 2001: Experimental analysis of the effects of within-population genetic diversity on plant performance in two endagered short-lived plants. . |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Kwak, M.M. 1988: Pollination ecology and seed-set in the rare annual species Melampyrum arvense L. (Scrophulariaceae). Acta Botanica Neerlandica 37:153-163 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
XF (facultative allogamous) |
| Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Kwak, M.M. 1988: Pollination ecology and seed-set in the rare annual species Melampyrum arvense L. (Scrophulariaceae). Acta Botanica Neerlandica 37:153-163 |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
purple and pale yellow, red |
| Basic flower colour |
pu (purple) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
Hh (bumble bee flowers)
Typical pollinators: bumble bees |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
5.3 (lip flowers, mask flowers) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
S (seed) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
always [1] |
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
True |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
12.1 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
12.2 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
12.4 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.2 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
5.3 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
7.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.6 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.3 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
3.3 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.9 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.2 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
5.3 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
7.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.6 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.3 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
3.3 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.9 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
True |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.1 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
3.4 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
3.5 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.6 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.3 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
3.3 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.9 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
| special references:
|
| Horril, A.D. 1972: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Melampyrum cristatum L.. Journal of Ecology 60:235-244 (Gattung)
|
| Beauverd, G. 1916: Monographie du genre Melampyrum L.. Memoires de la Societe de Physique et D'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve 38:291-657 (Gattung)
|
| Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
| Bresinsky, A. 1963: Bau, Entwicklungsgeschichte und Inhaltsstoffe der Elaiosomen. Studien zur myrmekochoren Verbreitung von Samen und Früchten. Bibliotheca Botanica Vol. 126. (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
| Müller, P. 1955: Verbreitungsbiologie (Diasporologie) der Blütenpflanzen. Veröffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes Rübel Zürich . Verlag Hans Huber, Bern. (Gattung)
|
| Heinisch, O. 1955: Samenatlas der wichtigsten Futterpflanzen und ihrer Unkräuter. Deutsche Akad. Landwirtsch.-Wiss., Berlin (Gattung)
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
T9.1 (null)
Alliance: Violenea arvensis
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands)
Class: Festuco-Brometea
|
| English circumscription |
06.6 (Chickweed and other field weed communities)
Class: Stellarietea mediae
|
| English circumscription |
07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones)
Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
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