BiolFlor search system

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on vascular plants in Germany

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Overview of all traits of a species

species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status)
BiolFlor-Name	family	german name(s)
Myosotis scorpioides L. s. str.	Boraginaceae »	Gewöhnliches Sumpf-Vergissmeinnicht
reference
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »

Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998)
Myosotis scorpioides subsp. scorpioides null	accepted
Myosotis laxiflora Rchb.	Synonym
Myosotis scorpioides var. palustris L.	Synonym
Myosotis radicans Opiz	Synonym
Myosotis elatior Opiz	Synonym
Myosotis lanceolata Opiz	Synonym
Myosotis memor Kitt.	Synonym
Myosotis virginea Kitt.	Synonym
Myosotis serotina Hülph.	Synonym
Myosotis palustris subsp. radicans (Opiz) R. Schust.	Synonym
Myosotis laxiflora var. laxiflora , sensu R. Schuster 1967	Synonym
Myosotis palustris subsp. laxiflora (Rchb.) M. Sychowa	Synonym
Myosotis palustris Hill., s. str., nom. illeg. (nom. superfl.)	Synonym
Myosotis scorpioides subsp. palustris (L.) F. Herm.	Synonym
Myosotis scorpioides var. scorpioides	Synonym
Myosotis strigulosa , auct.	Synonym
<Myosotis scorpioides L.	accepted

group of traits: Status »

Floristic status »
Floristic status	I (indigenous)
Evolutionary origin »
Evolutionary origin	n (naturally)
Region of origin »
Region of origin	0 (not specified)
Endemism »
Endemism	0 (not specified)
Reference	unbekannt

group of traits: Chromosome number »

Chromosome number »
Basic chromosome number	11
Chromosome number 2n	64
Chromosome number (Germany)	True
Most common chromosome race	False
Ploidy level	6 (hexaploid)
Ploidy type	R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference	Wisskirchen, R., Haeupler, H. 1998: Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Ulmer, Stuttgart
Basic chromosome number	11
Chromosome number 2n	66
Chromosome number (Germany)	True
Most common chromosome race	False
Ploidy level	6 (hexaploid)
Ploidy type	R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number)
Reference	Wisskirchen, R., Haeupler, H. 1998: Standardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Ulmer, Stuttgart

group of traits: DNA content »

DNA content »
DNA content (pg/2C)	2.8
Chromosome number	64
Quality	chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001	False
Reference	Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1991: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 334:309-345
DNA content (pg/2C)	5.4
Chromosome number	64
Quality	chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b]
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001	True
Reference	Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J. 1995: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Annals of Botany 76:113-176

group of traits: Phylogeny »

Phylogeny code »
Phylogeny code	BBBBBBBBBABABBBBAAAACCAABADB

group of traits: Morphology »

Life form »
Life form	H (Hemicryptophyte)
Qualifier	always [1]
Life span »
Life span	p (pluriennial-pollakanthic)
Qualifier	always [1]
Vegetative propagation »
Vegetative propagation	a (Runner)
Qualifier	always [1]
Storage organs »
Storage organs	a (Runner)
Qualifier	always [1]
Shoot metamorphoses »
Shoot metamorphoses	a (Runner)
Qualifier	always [1]
Rosettes »
Rosettes	h (Hemirosette plant)
Qualifier	always [1]
special references:
Lukasiewicz, A. 1962: Morfologizno-rozwojowe typy bylin (Morphologic development types of perennials). The Poznan Soc. of Friends of Science. Dept. math. -nat. Sci. Publ. Ser. Biol. (Posen) 27:1-398
Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1987: Vergleichend-ökomorphologische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen-Taxa eines Trocken- und Feuchtbiotops. Hercynia N. F. 24:408-424
Mätsevainio, K. 1931: Untersuchungen ber das Wurzelsystem der Moorpflanzen. Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. -Bot. Fenn. Vanamo 1:1-418
Glück, H. 1911: Biologische und morphologische Untersuchungen über Wasser- und Sumpfgewächse. 3. Aufl., Jena
Kutschera, L., Lichtenegger, E. 1992: Wurzelatlas mitteleuropäischer Grünlandpflanzen. Bd. 2 Pteridophyta und Dicotyledonae (Magnoliopsida). Teil I Morphologie, Anatomie, Ökologie, Verbreitung, Soziologie, Wirtschaft. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena, New York

group of traits: Leaf traits »

Leaf persistence »
Leaf persistence	i (persistent green)
Leaf anatomy »
Leaf anatomy	y (hygromorphic)
Leaf anatomy	e (helomorphic)
Leaf form »
Leaf form	lang (long-leaf)

group of traits: Flowering phenology »

Flowering phenology »
Begin of flowering (months)	5
End of flowering (months)	9
Duration of flowering (months)	5
Number of flowering phases	0
Symphenological Groups »
Phenological group	6 (Cornus sanguinea-Melica uniflora-Phase) Phenological season: start of early summer
Reference	Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560

group of traits: Floral and reproductive biology »

Type of reproduction »
Type of reproduction	sv (by seed and vegetatively)
Reference	Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn
Type of seed production »
Type of seed production	s (amphimictic, sexual)
Reference	Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Dicliny »
Dicliny	so (hermaphroditic)
Abundance	always [1]
Reference	Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Dichogamy »
Dichogamy	h (homogamous)
Reference	Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility »
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility	I+ (± self-incompatibel)
Reference	Varopoulos, A. 1979: Breeding systems in Myosotis scorpioides L. (Boraginaceae). Heredity 42:149-157
Systematic reference	species [S]
SI mechanism »
SI mechanism	U (unknown mechanism)
Reference	unbekannt
Pollen vector »
Pollen vector	se (selfing) Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung)
Abundance	unknown [0]
Reference	Frank, D., Klotz, S. 1990: Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora der DDR. Wissenschaftliche Beiträge Martin-Luther Univ. Halle-Wittenberg Vol. 32 (P41)
Systematic reference	genus [G]
Pollen vector	in (insects) Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung)
Abundance	possible [5]
Reference	Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Systematic reference	species [S]
Breeding system »
Breeding system	X (allogamous)
Reference	Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI
Floral rewards »
Floral rewards	1 (nectar)
Reference	Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig
Amount of floral reward	3 (present)
Flower color »
Flower colour	azure blue, gorge yellow
Basic flower colour	b (blue)
Reference	Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin
UV reflection of the flower »
UV reflection in the periphery of the flower	2 (8-15 %)
UV reflection in the centre of the flower	1 (0-7 %)
UV reflection pattern	1 (UV reflectance pattern present)
Flower class after MUELLER »
Flower class after MUELLER	B (flowers with totally hidden nectar) Typical pollinators: bees, bumblebees, wasps, bombylides, syrphids
Flower type after KUGLER »
Flower type after KUGLER	4.1 (stalk disc flowers, stamina and pistil within tube)

group of traits: Seed traits »

Fruit type »
Fruit type	BrF (lomentum)
Diaspore type »
Diaspore type	TF (mericarp)
Germinule type »
Heteromorphic type	n (not heteromorphic)
Germinule type	TF (mericarp)
Information available	True
Development of nutritious appendages
Development of flat appendages
Development of elongated appendages
Development of additional appendages
Weights »
Measured object	Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore	TF (mericarp)
Constraint	False
Heteromorphic type	n (not heteromorphic)
Weight (minimum) [mg]	0.3
Weight (mean) [mg]	0.3
Weight (maximum) [mg]	0.3
Measured object	Diaspore
Type of germinule or diaspore	TF (mericarp)
Constraint	False
Heteromorphic type	n (not heteromorphic)
Weight (minimum) [mg]	0.3
Weight (mean) [mg]	0.3
Weight (maximum) [mg]	0.3
Sizes »
Measured object	Diaspore
Type of germinule or diaspore	TF (mericarp)
Constraint	False
Heteromorphic type	n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm]	1.0
Length (mean) [mm]	1.6
Length (maximum) [mm]	2.0
Width (minimum) [mm]	0.9
Width (mean) [mm]	1.1
Width (maximum) [mm]	1.2
Height (minimum) [mm]
Height (mean) [mm]	0.5
Height (maximum) [mm]
Measured object	Germinule
Type of germinule or diaspore	TF (mericarp)
Constraint	False
Heteromorphic type	n (not heteromorphic)
Length (minimum) [mm]	1.0
Length (mean) [mm]	1.6
Length (maximum) [mm]	2.0
Width (minimum) [mm]	0.9
Width (mean) [mm]	1.1
Width (maximum) [mm]	1.2
Height (minimum) [mm]
Height (mean) [mm]	0.5
Height (maximum) [mm]
special references:
Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
Cremer, J., Partzsch, M., Zimmermann, M., Schwär, C., Goltz, H. 1991: Acker- und Gartenwildkräuter: ein Bestimmungsbuch. . Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin. (Gattung)
Grau, J. 1964: Die Zytotaxonomie der Myosotis-alpestris- und der Myosotis-silvatica-Gruppe in Europa. Österreichische Botanische Zeitschrift 111:561-617 (Gattung)
Grau, J. 1968: Cytotaxonomische Bearbeitung der Gattung Myosotis L. III. Die annuellen Sippen. Mitteilungen der botanischen Staatssammlung München VII:17-100 (Gattung)
Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
Müller, P. 1955: Verbreitungsbiologie (Diasporologie) der Blütenpflanzen. Veröffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes Rübel Zürich . Verlag Hans Huber, Bern. (Gattung)
Heinisch, O. 1955: Samenatlas der wichtigsten Futterpflanzen und ihrer Unkräuter. Deutsche Akad. Landwirtsch.-Wiss., Berlin (Gattung)

group of traits: Ecological strategy »

Strategy type »
Strategy type	csr (competitors/stress-tolerators/ruderals)

group of traits: Indicator values for grassland species »

Grassland utilization indicator values »
Occurrence	GE (little used grasslands)
Guild	K (forb)
Mowing tolerance	5 (moderately tolerant to mowing)
Grazing tolerance	4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to grazing))
Trampling tolerance	4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to trampling))
Foraging value	3 (little forage value)
Foraging value for deer	2 (no or little forage value)

group of traits: Range »

Floristic zone and altitudinal level »
Floristic zone	e (submeridional)
Altitudinal level
Status	natural range
Floristic zone	p (southern temperate)
Altitudinal level
Status	natural range
Floristic zone	n (northern temperate)
Altitudinal level
Status	natural range
Floristic zone	b (boreal)
Altitudinal level
Status	natural range
Number of inhabited floristic zones »
Number of inhabited floristic zones	3
Oceanity »
Oceanity	sos (weak suboceanic) Amplitude of Oceanity: 4 Minimum level of oceantity: extreme central continental climate Maximum level of oceantity: extreme oceanic climate
Status	natural range
Floristic region »
Floristic region	e (Europe) Continent of floristic region: e (Europa)
Status	natural range
Floristic region	m (Americas) Continent of floristic region: m (Amerika)
Status	natural range
Floristic region	s (Siberia) Continent of floristic region: a (Asien)
Status	natural range

group of traits: Hemeroby »

Hemeroby »
Hemeroby	o (oligohemerobic)
Hemeroby	m (mesohemerobic)
Hemeroby	b (b-euhemerobic)
Number of hemerobic levels »
Number of hemerobic levels	3

group of traits: Urbanity »

Urbanity »
Urbanity	1 (urbanophobic)

group of traits: Habitats »

Habitat »
Habitat	H3.1.1 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	H3.1.2 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	H3.1.3 (null) Alliance: Phragmition p.p.
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	H3.2.1 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	H3.2.2 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	H3.2.3 (null) Alliance: Phragmition p.p.
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	L3.1.5 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	L3.2.5 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	L3.9.5 (null) Alliance: Phragmition australis
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	L4.1 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation	Ufer
Habitat	L4.2 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation	Ufer
Habitat	L4.3 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation	Ufer
Habitat	L4.4 (null) Alliance: ???
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation
Habitat	S3.2.5 (null) Alliance: Alnion glutinosae
Occurrence questionable	False
Occurence restricted	False
Annotation

group of traits: Sociology »

Class »
English circumscription	01.6 (Communities of reeds and tall sedges) Class: Phragmito-Magnocaricetea
English circumscription	05.4 (Commercially used grasslands) Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
English circumscription	10.1 (Alder marsh woodlands) Class: Alnetea glutinosae