| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Ophrys sphegodes Mill. s. str. |
Orchidaceae » |
Gewöhnliche Spinnen-Ragwurz
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Ophrys sphegodes Mill. |
accepted |
| Ophrys sphegodes subsp. sphegodes |
Synonym |
| Ophrys aranifera Huds. |
Synonym |
| Ophrys fucifera Curtis, nom. illeg. (O. aranifera Huds. pro syn.) |
Synonym |
| <Ophrys sphegodes agg. |
accepted |
| <Ophrys aranifera Huds., s. l. |
Synonym |
| <Ophrys sphegodes 'Sammelart' |
Synonym |
| <Ophrys sphegodes Mill., s. l. |
Synonym |
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
4 |
| End of flowering (months) |
5 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
2 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
6 (Cornus sanguinea-Melica uniflora-Phase)
Phenological season: start of early summer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
| Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: Sexuelle Samenproduktion, da keine Apomikten in Gattung bekannt |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
| Reference |
East, E.M. 1940: The distribution of self-sterility in the flowering plants. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 82:449-518 |
| Systematic reference |
genus [G] |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Ayasse, M., Schiestl, F.P., Paulus, H.F., Lofstedt, C., Hansson, B., Ibarra, F., Francke, W. 2000: Evolution of reproductive strategies in the sexually deceptive orchid Ophrys sphegodes: How does flower-specific variation of odor signals influence reproductive success?. Evolution 54:1995-2006 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
XF (facultative allogamous) |
| Reference |
Ayasse, M., Schiestl, F.P., Paulus, H.F., Lofstedt, C., Hansson, B., Ibarra, F., Francke, W. 2000: Evolution of reproductive strategies in the sexually deceptive orchid Ophrys sphegodes: How does flower-specific variation of odor signals influence reproductive success?. Evolution 54:1995-2006 |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Neiland, M.R.M., Wilcock, C.C. 1998: Fruit set, nectar reward, and rarity in the Orchidaceae. American Journal of Botany 85:1657-1671 |
| Amount of floral reward |
1 (none) |
| Floral rewards |
4 (deceit) |
| Reference |
Ayasse, M., Schiestl, F.P., Paulus, H.F., Lofstedt, C., Hansson, B., Ibarra, F., Francke, W. 2000: Evolution of reproductive strategies in the sexually deceptive orchid Ophrys sphegodes: How does flower-specific variation of odor signals influence reproductive success?. Evolution 54:1995-2006 |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
lip brown purple, flower variable |
| Basic flower colour |
br (brown) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
1 (UV reflectance pattern present) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
Hb (bee flowers )
Typical pollinators: bees |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
5.4 (lip flowers, Orchis type) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
S (seed) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
always [1] |
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| special references:
|
| Ziegler, B. 1981: Mikromorphologie der Orchideen-Samen unter Berücksichtigung taxonomischer Aspekte. Universität Heidelberg (Gattung)
|
|
| Grassland utilization indicator values » |
| Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
| Guild |
K (forb) |
| Mowing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to mowing) |
| Grazing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to grazing) |
| Trampling tolerance |
3 (sensitive to trampling) |
| Foraging value |
3 (little forage value) |
| Foraging value for deer |
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
T1.4.1 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
licht |
| Habitat |
T6.2.2.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Bromion erecti
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands)
Class: Festuco-Brometea
|
| English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands)
Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
|
| English circumscription |
07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones)
Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
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