| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Petasites hybridus (L.) Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb. |
Asteraceae » |
Gewöhnliche Pestwurz
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Petasites hybridus (L.) P. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb. |
accepted |
| Petasites officinalis Moench |
Synonym |
| Tussilago hybrida L. |
Basionym |
| Tussilago petasites L. |
Synonym |
|
| DNA content » |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
1.8 |
| Chromosome number |
60 |
| Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
| Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.S. 1991: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B 334:309-345 |
|
| Life form » |
| Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Life span » |
| Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Vegetative propagation » |
| Vegetative propagation |
ar (Runner-like rhizome) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Storage organs » |
| Storage organs |
ar (Runner-like rhizome) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Shoot metamorphoses » |
| Shoot metamorphoses |
ar (Runner-like rhizome) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Rosettes » |
| Rosettes |
g (Rosette plant) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| special references:
|
| Warming, E. 1918: Om Jordudløbere. K. Dansk. Selsk. Vidensk. Skr. , Naturvid. og Mathem. Afd. 8. R. II:295-378
|
| Bell, A.D., Tomlinson, P.B. 1980: Adaptive architecture in rhizomatous plants. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 80:125-160
|
| Lukasiewicz, A. 1962: Morfologizno-rozwojowe typy bylin (Morphologic development types of perennials). The Poznan Soc. of Friends of Science. Dept. math. -nat. Sci. Publ. Ser. Biol. (Posen) 27:1-398
|
| Schmidt, R. 1986: Über Wuchsform und Arealdifferenzierung zentraleuropäischer Senecioineae. II. Wuchsform und Lebensgeschichte einiger Tephroseroiden und Cacalioiden. Hercynia N. F. 23:193-211
|
| Jäger, E.J. 1957: Über Wuchsform, Wuchsrhythmus und Verbreitung einheimischer Wiesenasteraceen. Dipl.-Arb. Univ. Halle.
|
| Bell, A.D. 1994: Illustrierte Morphologie der Blütenpflanzen. Ulmer, Stuttgart
|
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
4 |
| End of flowering (months) |
5 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
2 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
2 (Acer platanoides-Anemone nemorosa-Phase)
Phenological season: start of early spring |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
| Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
do (dioecious) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
| Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
4 (plenty) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
reddish white |
| Basic flower colour |
w (white) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
B` (flower associations with totally hidden nectar)
Typical pollinators: bees, bumble bees, wasps, bombylides, syrphids |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
7.2a (flower heads, Asteraceae, only disk flowers) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Nu (nut) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
F (fruit) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
always [1] |
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.2 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
0.3 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
0.3 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
F (fruit) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
2.5 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
0.6 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.4 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.4 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Length (mean) [mm] |
11.5 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
0.6 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.4 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.4 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
FZb (fruit with appendage) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Length (mean) [mm] |
11.5 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
0.5 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
0.6 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.4 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.4 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
0.5 |
| special references:
|
| Grime, J.P., Mason, G., Curtis, A.V., Rodman, J., Band, S.R., Mowforth, M.A., Neal, A.M., Shaw, S. 1981: A comparative study of germination characteristics in a local flora. Journal of Ecology 69:1017-1069 (Gattung)
|
| Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
|
| Briemle, G. 1996: Farbatlas Kräuter und Gräser. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
|
| Grassland utilization indicator values » |
| Occurrence |
N (fallow lands) |
| Guild |
K (forb) |
| Mowing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to mowing) |
| Grazing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to grazing) |
| Trampling tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to trampling)) |
| Foraging value |
3 (little forage value) |
| Foraging value for deer |
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
L3.1 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
nur Ufer |
| Habitat |
L5.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Alno-Ulmion p.p.
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands)
Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
|
| English circumscription |
07.2 (Alpine-montane tall herb and small-reed communities)
Class: Stellario nemorum-Geranietea sylvatici
|
| English circumscription |
07.5 (Nitrophilous tall herb communities)
Class: Galio-Urticetea dioicae
|
| English circumscription |
09.3 (Willow marsh shrublands)
Class: Carici-Salicetea cinereae
|
| English circumscription |
09.4 (Willow communities of river banks and floodplains)
Class: Salicetea purpureae
|
| English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests)
Class: Carpino-Fagetea
|
|
|
|
Display of complete information for the selected species. Only traits available for the selected species are displayed.
|
