| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. |
Pinaceae » |
Gewöhnliche Fichte
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. |
accepted |
| Picea abies subsp. alpestris (Brügger) Domin |
Synonym |
| Picea excelsa Link, nom. illeg. |
Synonym |
| Pinus abies L. |
Basionym |
| Pinus picea L. |
Synonym |
| Pinus excelsa Lam. |
Synonym |
| Abies alpestris Brügger |
Synonym |
|
| DNA content » |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
29.6 |
| Chromosome number |
24 |
| Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
| Reference |
Murray, B.G. 1998: Nuclear DNA amounts in Gymnosperms. Annals of Botany 82 Supplement A:3-15 |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
29.6 |
| Chromosome number |
24 |
| Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
False |
| Reference |
Murray, B.G. 1998: Nuclear DNA amounts in Gymnosperms. Annals of Botany 82 Supplement A:3-15 |
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
4 |
| End of flowering (months) |
6 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
4 (Fagus-Lamiastrum-Phase)
Phenological season: start of mid spring |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
| Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
mo (monoecious) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
g1 (slightly protogynous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
| Reference |
Kormutak, A. 1999: Self-incompatibility in silver fir (Abies alba). Biologia (Bratislava) 54:101-105 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| SI mechanism » |
| SI mechanism |
LA (lethal alleles) |
| Reference |
Hagman, M. 1975: Incompatibility in forest trees. Proceedings of the Royal Society London. Series B 188:313-326 |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
wi (wind)
Pollen vector group: ab (abiotische Bestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
| Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: xenogam, da SI |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
W (wind flowers)
Typical pollinators: - |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
0 (not applicable) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
f (missing) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
| Diaspore type |
Za (cone) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
S (seed) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
always [1] |
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
5.0 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
7.2 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
8.0 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
True |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
|
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
5.0 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
|
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
5.0 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
7.2 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
8.0 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
15.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
16.6 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
17.5 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
5.0 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
5.9 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
6.5 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.5 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
15.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
16.6 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
17.5 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
5.0 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
5.9 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
6.5 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.5 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
True |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.5 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
4.5 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
5.5 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.8 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.2 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
2.5 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.5 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| special references:
|
| Brzeziecki, B., Kienast, F. 1994: Classifying the life-history strategies of trees on the basis of the Grimian model. Forest Ecology and Management 69:167-187 (Gattung)
|
| Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
S3.1.2 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T1.4.3 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T1.4.5.3 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
09.2 (Acidic deciduous bush communities)
Class: Franguletea
|
| English circumscription |
09.5 (Blackthorn and buckthorn shrubs)
Class: Rhamno-Prunetea spinosae
|
| English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests)
Class: Carpino-Fagetea
|
| English circumscription |
10.7 (Snow-heather pine-forests)
Class: Erico-Pinetea
|
| English circumscription |
10.8 (Boreal-continental coniferous forests with dwarf scrubs)
Class: Vaccinio-Piceetea
|
| English circumscription |
10.9 (Bog bilberry pine-forests)
Class: Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetea
|
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