species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
Xanthium strumarium L. s. str. |
Asteraceae » |
Gewöhnliche Spitzklette
|
reference |
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
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Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
Xanthium strumarium L. |
accepted |
Xanthium strumarium subsp. strumarium , s. l. p. p. |
Synonym |
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DNA content » |
DNA content (pg/2C) |
6.3 |
Chromosome number |
36 |
Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J., Hanson, L. 1998: DNA amounts in two samples of angiosperm weeds. Annals of Botany 82 Supplement A:121-134 |
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Flowering phenology » |
Begin of flowering (months) |
7 |
End of flowering (months) |
10 |
Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
Number of flowering phases |
0 |
Symphenological Groups » |
Phenological group |
0 (not available) Phenological season: not available |
Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
Type of reproduction » |
Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Lechowicz, M.J. 1983: The biology of Canadian weeds. 56. Xanthium strumarium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63:211-225 |
Type of seed production » |
Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Lechowicz, M.J. 1983: The biology of Canadian weeds. 56. Xanthium strumarium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63:211-225 |
Dicliny » |
Dicliny |
mo (monoecious) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy » |
Dichogamy |
g3 (pronounced protogynous) |
Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
Dichogamy |
a1 (slightly protandrous) |
Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Lechowicz, M.J. 1983: The biology of Canadian weeds. 56. Xanthium strumarium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63:211-225 |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Lechowicz, M.J. 1983: The biology of Canadian weeds. 56. Xanthium strumarium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63:211-225 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Pollen vector » |
Pollen vector |
wi (wind) Pollen vector group: ab (abiotische Bestäubung) |
Abundance |
always [1] |
Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Lechowicz, M.J. 1983: The biology of Canadian weeds. 56. Xanthium strumarium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63:211-225 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Pollen vector |
se (selfing) Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
Abundance |
the rule [2] |
Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Lechowicz, M.J. 1983: The biology of Canadian weeds. 56. Xanthium strumarium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63:211-225 |
Systematic reference |
species [S] |
Breeding system » |
Breeding system |
AF (facultative autogamous) |
Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
Flower color » |
Flower colour |
grey green, yellowish |
Basic flower colour |
gr (green) |
Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
Flower class after MUELLER » |
Flower class after MUELLER |
W (wind flowers) Typical pollinators: - |
Flower type after KUGLER » |
Flower type after KUGLER |
0 (not applicable) |
|
Fruit type » |
Fruit type |
Nu (nut) |
Diaspore type » |
Diaspore type |
FSt (infructescence) |
Germinule type » |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Germinule type |
FSt (infructescence) |
Information available |
True |
Development of nutritious appendages |
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Development of flat appendages |
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Development of elongated appendages |
always [1] |
Development of additional appendages |
always [1] |
Sizes » |
Measured object |
Germinule |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FSt (infructescence) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
10.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
13.0 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
17.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
7.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
7.5 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
8.0 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
7.0 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
7.5 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
8.0 |
Measured object |
Diaspore |
Type of germinule or diaspore |
FSt (infructescence) |
Constraint |
False |
Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
Length (minimum) [mm] |
10.0 |
Length (mean) [mm] |
13.0 |
Length (maximum) [mm] |
17.0 |
Width (minimum) [mm] |
7.0 |
Width (mean) [mm] |
7.5 |
Width (maximum) [mm] |
8.0 |
Height (minimum) [mm] |
7.0 |
Height (mean) [mm] |
7.5 |
Height (maximum) [mm] |
8.0 |
special references:
|
Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
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Habitat » |
Habitat |
T10.3.3.1 (null) Alliance: ???
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Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Habitat |
T10.7 (null) Alliance: ???
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Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Habitat |
T8.2 (null) Alliance: ???
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Occurrence questionable |
False |
Occurence restricted |
False |
Annotation |
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Class » |
English circumscription |
06.4 (Annual ruderal communities) Class: Sisymbrietea officinalis
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