| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó s. str. |
Orchidaceae » |
Geflecktes Knabenkraut
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó |
accepted |
| Dactylorchis maculata (L.) Verm. |
Synonym |
| Orchis maculata L. |
Basionym |
| <Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó, s. l. |
Synonym |
| <Dactylorhiza maculata agg. |
accepted |
| <Dactylorhiza maculata - group |
Synonym |
| <Dactylorhiza maculata 'Sammelart' |
Synonym |
| <Dactylorhiza maculata - Gruppe |
Synonym |
| >Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. elodes (Griseb.) Soó |
accepted |
| >Orchis ericetorum E. F. Linton |
Synonym |
| >Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. ericetorum (E. F. Linton) P. F. Hunt & Summerhayes |
Synonym |
| >Orchis elodes Griseb. |
Basionym |
| >Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. maculata |
accepted |
|
| Life form » |
| Life form |
G (Geophyte) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Life span » |
| Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Vegetative propagation » |
| Vegetative propagation |
iw (Innovation bud with root tuber) |
| Qualifier |
sometimes [2] |
| Storage organs » |
| Storage organs |
wk (Root tuber) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Root metamorphoses » |
| Root metamorphoses |
wk (Root tuber) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Rosettes » |
| Rosettes |
h (Hemirosette plant) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| special references:
|
| Blinova, I. 2000: Sproßbildung einiger Orchidaceae der Kola-Halbinsel (Nordwest-Rußland). Flora 195:35-44
|
| Blinova, I.V. 1998: Patterns of morphogenesis in some root-tuber orchids (Orchidaceae). Botaniceskij Zhurnal 83:83-92
|
| Blinova, I.V. 1998: Specific features of the ontogeny in some root-tuber orchids (Orchidaceae) in the extreme north. Botaniceskij Zhurnal 83:85-94
|
| Golubev, V.N. 1957: Materialy k ekologo-morfologiceskoj i geneticeskoj charakteristikje zhizjennych form travjanistych rastenij. Botaniceskij Zhurnal 42:1055-1072
|
| Möller, O. 1987: Vom Samenkorn bis zur ersten echten Knolle: Das Protocormstadium von Orchis mascula. Die Orchidee 38:297-302
|
| Möller, O. 1987: Die subterrane Innovation und der Wachstumszyklus einiger Erdorchideen. Die Orchidee 38:13-22
|
| Lukasiewicz, A. 1962: Morfologizno-rozwojowe typy bylin (Morphologic development types of perennials). The Poznan Soc. of Friends of Science. Dept. math. -nat. Sci. Publ. Ser. Biol. (Posen) 27:1-398
|
| Mätsevainio, K. 1931: Untersuchungen ber das Wurzelsystem der Moorpflanzen. Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. -Bot. Fenn. Vanamo 1:1-418
|
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
5 |
| End of flowering (months) |
8 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
4 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
6 (Cornus sanguinea-Melica uniflora-Phase)
Phenological season: start of early summer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
| Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
| Reference |
East, E.M. 1940: The distribution of self-sterility in the flowering plants. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 82:449-518 |
| Systematic reference |
genus [G] |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Gutowski, J.M. 1990: Pollination if the orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii by longhorn beetles in primeval forests of northeastern Poland. Biological Conservation 51:287-297 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
XF (facultative allogamous) |
| Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Ziegenspeck, H. 1936: Orchidaceae. von Kirchner, O., Loew, E., Schröter, C., and Wangerin, W. (Hrsg.), Lebensgeschichte der Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas Vol. 1, 4. |
| Amount of floral reward |
1 (none) |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Daumann, E. 1971: Zum Problem der Täuschblumen. Preslia (Praha) 43:304-317 |
| Amount of floral reward |
1 (none) |
| Floral rewards |
4 (deceit) |
| Reference |
Daumann, E. 1971: Zum Problem der Täuschblumen. Preslia (Praha) 43:304-317 |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
pink |
| Basic flower colour |
ro (pink) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
BHh (transition type flowers with totally hidden nectar - bumble bee flowers)
Typical pollinators: bees, toung > 7 mm |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
5.4 (lip flowers, Orchis type) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
S (seed) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
always [1] |
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| special references:
|
| Ziegler, B. 1981: Mikromorphologie der Orchideen-Samen unter Berücksichtigung taxonomischer Aspekte. Universität Heidelberg (Gattung)
|
|
| Grassland utilization indicator values » |
| Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
| Guild |
K (forb) |
| Mowing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to mowing)) |
| Grazing tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to grazing)) |
| Trampling tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to trampling)) |
| Foraging value |
3 (little forage value) |
| Foraging value for deer |
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
S1.1 (null)
Alliance: Sphagno-Utricularion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
S2.2 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T1 (Woodlands)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
licht |
| Habitat |
T4.5 (null)
Alliance: Ericion tetralicis
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T7.3.2 (null)
Alliance: Molinion coeruleae p.p.
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
02.2 (Communities of pools and bog-pools)
Class: Scheuchzerio-Caricetea nigrae
|
| English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands)
Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
|
| English circumscription |
05.6 (Acidic mat-grass communities)
Class: Nardetea strictae
|
| English circumscription |
10.7 (Snow-heather pine-forests)
Class: Erico-Pinetea
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