| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. |
Orchidaceae » |
Großes Zweiblatt
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Listera ovata (L.) R. Br. |
accepted |
| Ophrys ovata L. |
Basionym |
|
| Chromosome number » |
| Basic chromosome number |
18 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
36 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
|
| Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
| Basic chromosome number |
19 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
38 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
|
| Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
| Basic chromosome number |
17 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
34 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
| Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
| Life form » |
| Life form |
G (Geophyte) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Life span » |
| Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Vegetative propagation » |
| Vegetative propagation |
rh (Rhizome) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Vegetative propagation |
ws (Root shoot) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Storage organs » |
| Storage organs |
rh (Rhizome) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Shoot metamorphoses » |
| Shoot metamorphoses |
rh (Rhizome) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Root metamorphoses » |
| Root metamorphoses |
ws (Root shoot) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Rosettes » |
| Rosettes |
r (Erosulate plant) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| special references:
|
| Blinova, I. 2000: Sproßbildung einiger Orchidaceae der Kola-Halbinsel (Nordwest-Rußland). Flora 195:35-44
|
| Barkham, J.P. 1980: Population dynamics of the wild daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus). I. Clonal growth, seed reproduction, mortality and the effects of density. Journal of Ecology 68:607-633
|
| Perttula, U. 1941: Untersuchungen über die generative und vegetative Vermehrung der Blütenpflanzen in der Wald-Hainwiesen- und Hainfelsen-Vegetation. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fennici, Ser. A, 58:1-388
|
| Fuchs, A., Ziegenspeck, H. 1926: Entwicklungsgeschichte der Axen der einheimischen Orchideen und ihre Physiologie und Biologie. II. Listera, Neottia, Goodyera. Bot. Archiv 16:360-413
|
| Rauh, W. 1937: Die Bildung von Hypokotyl- und Wurzelsprossen und ihre Bedeutung für die Wuchsformen der Pflanzen. Nova Acta Leopold. N. F. 4:395-553
|
| Mätsevainio, K. 1931: Untersuchungen ber das Wurzelsystem der Moorpflanzen. Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool. -Bot. Fenn. Vanamo 1:1-418
|
| Raunkiaer, C. 1934: The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford
|
| Irmisch, T. 1853: Beiträge zur Biologie und Morphologie der Orchideen. Leipzig
|
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
5 |
| End of flowering (months) |
6 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
2 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
5 (Sorbus aucuparia-Galium odoratum-Phase)
Phenological season: end of mid spring |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
| Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
| Reference |
Ziegenspeck, H. 1936: Orchidaceae. von Kirchner, O., Loew, E., Schröter, C., and Wangerin, W. (Hrsg.), Lebensgeschichte der Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas Vol. 1, 4. |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
se (selfing)
Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
rare [4] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Nilsson, L.A. 1981: Pollination ecology of Listera ovata (Orchidaceae). Nordic Journal of Botany 1:461-480 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
AFXF (mixed mating) |
| Reference |
Anmerkung 2002: vgl. Klassifizierungsschema Abb. |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Ziegenspeck, H. 1936: Orchidaceae. von Kirchner, O., Loew, E., Schröter, C., and Wangerin, W. (Hrsg.), Lebensgeschichte der Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas Vol. 1, 4. |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
yellowish green |
| Basic flower colour |
gr (green) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
Hi (ichneumonide flowers)
Typical pollinators: ichneumonidae |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
5.4 (lip flowers, Orchis type) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
S (seed) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
always [1] |
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Length (mean) [mm] |
0.6 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Width (mean) [mm] |
|
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Height (mean) [mm] |
|
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Length (mean) [mm] |
0.6 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Width (mean) [mm] |
|
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Height (mean) [mm] |
|
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
|
| special references:
|
| Ziegler, B. 1981: Mikromorphologie der Orchideen-Samen unter Berücksichtigung taxonomischer Aspekte. Universität Heidelberg (Gattung)
|
|
| Grassland utilization indicator values » |
| Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
| Guild |
K (forb) |
| Mowing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to mowing)) |
| Grazing tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to grazing)) |
| Trampling tolerance |
3 (sensitive to trampling) |
| Foraging value |
3 (little forage value) |
| Foraging value for deer |
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
L5.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Alno-Ulmion p.p.
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T1.1.1 (null)
Alliance: Fagion sylvaticae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T1.1.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Carpinion betuli
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
feucht |
| Habitat |
T6.2.2.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Bromion erecti
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
wechselfrisch |
| Habitat |
T7.1.2 (null)
Alliance: Arrhenatherion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands)
Class: Festuco-Brometea
|
| English circumscription |
05.4 (Commercially used grasslands)
Class: Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
|
| English circumscription |
10.2 (Mesophilous, summer-green deciduous forests)
Class: Carpino-Fagetea
|
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