| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Mill. s. l. |
Cistaceae » |
Gewöhnliches Sonnenröschen i.w.S.
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Mill. |
accepted |
| Helianthemum nummularium agg. |
Synonym |
| Cistus nummularius L. |
Basionym |
| >Helianthemum nummularium subsp. glabrum (W. D. J. Koch) Wilczek |
accepted |
| >Helianthemum grandiflorum subsp. glabrum (W. D. J. Koch) Holub |
Synonym |
| >Helianthemum glabrum (W. D. J. Koch) Kern. |
Synonym |
| >Helianthemum vulgare var. glabrum W. D. J. Koch |
Basionym |
| >Helianthemum nummularium subsp. grandiflorum (Scop.) Schinz & Thell. |
accepted |
| >Helianthemum grandiflorum (Scop.) DC. |
Synonym |
| >Helianthemum grandiflorum subsp. grandiflorum |
Synonym |
| >Cistus grandiflorus Scop. |
Basionym |
| >Helianthemum nummularium subsp. nummularium |
accepted |
| >Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Mill., s. str. |
Synonym |
| >Helianthemum nummularium subsp. obscurum (Celak.) Holub |
accepted |
| >Helianthemum ovatum (Viv.) Dunal |
Synonym |
| >Helianthemum chamaecistus Mill. |
Synonym |
| >Helianthemum chamaecistus subsp. obscurum Celak. |
Basionym |
| >Helianthemum grandiflorum subsp. obscurum (Wahlenb.) Holub |
Synonym |
| >Helianthemum nummularium subsp. ovatum (Viv.) Schinz & Thell. |
Synonym |
| >Helianthemum ovatum var. fruticans W. Koch |
Synonym |
| >Cistus ovatus Viv. |
Synonym |
| >Helianthemum vulgare Gaertn., non Garsault 1764, nom. illeg. |
Synonym |
|
| Chromosome number » |
| Basic chromosome number |
10 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
20 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
| Ploidy type |
D (diploid with haploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
| DNA content » |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
4.5 |
| Chromosome number |
20 |
| Quality |
chromosome number known and occurring in Germany [b] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
| Reference |
Grime, J.P., Shacklock, J.M.L., Band, S.R. 1985: Nuclear DNA contents, shoot phenology and species co-existence in a limestone grassland community. New Phytologist 100:435-445 |
|
| Life form » |
| Life form |
S (Hemiphanerophyte) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Life span » |
| Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Rosettes » |
| Rosettes |
r (Erosulate plant) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| special references:
|
| Griffiths, M.E., Proctor, M.C.F. 1956: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Helianthemum apenninum (L.) Mill. (H. polifolium Mill.). Journal of Ecology 44:688-692
|
| Hensen, I. 1997: Life strategies of xerothermic grasslands - mechanisms of reproduction and colonization within Stipetum capillatae s.l. and Adonido-Brachypodietum pinnati. Feddes Repertorium 108:425-452
|
| Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1987: Vergleichend-ökomorphologische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen-Taxa eines Trocken- und Feuchtbiotops. Hercynia N. F. 24:408-424
|
| Briemle, G., Schreiber, K.F. 1994: Zur Frage der Beeinflussung pflanzlicher Lebens- und Wuchsformen durch unterschiedliche Landschaftspflegemaßnahmen. Tuexenia 14:229-244
|
| Irmisch, T. 1856: Beiträge zur vergleichenden Morphologie der Pflanzen. V. Die Keimung, die Wachstums- und Erneuerungsweise einer Reihe einheimsicher Arten aus der natürlichen Pflanzenfamilie der Labiaten. Abh. Naturforsch. Ges. Halle 3:63-107
|
| Salisbury, E. 1952: Downs and dunes. Their plant life and its environment. Bells & Sons, London
|
| Muggendobler, M. 1968: Untersuchungen über die Wuchsform einiger Helianthemum-Arten (Cistaceae). Staatsexamensarb., Univ. Halle
|
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
| End of flowering (months) |
10 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
5 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
6 (Cornus sanguinea-Melica uniflora-Phase)
Phenological season: start of early summer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
ssv (mostly by seed, rarely vegetatively) |
| Reference |
Proctor, M.C.F. 1956: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Helianthemum Mill.. Journal of Ecology 44:675-692 |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Proctor, M.C.F. 1956: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Helianthemum Mill.. Journal of Ecology 44:675-692 |
| Dicliny |
gd (gynodioecious) |
| Abundance |
rare [4] |
| Reference |
Proctor, M.C.F. 1956: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Helianthemum Mill.. Journal of Ecology 44:675-692 |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
g1 (slightly protogynous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
wi (wind)
Pollen vector group: ab (abiotische Bestäubung) |
| Abundance |
unknown [0] |
| Reference |
Proctor, M.C.F., Yeo, P., Lack, A. 1996: The natural history of pollination. HarperCollins Publishers, London |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector |
se (selfing)
Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
at failure of outcrossing [7] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
1 (none) |
| Floral rewards |
2 (pollen) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
4 (plenty) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
yellow or yellowish white |
| Basic flower colour |
g (yellow) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
5 (40-66 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
1 (UV reflectance pattern present) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
Po (pollen flowers)
Typical pollinators: short tongued bees, syrphids, flies, beetles |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
1.1 (pollen flower) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
S (seed) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.7 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.1 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.3 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
0.7 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
1.1 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
1.3 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
1.7 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.8 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.6 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.6 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.9 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
1.7 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
0.8 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.6 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
0.6 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
0.9 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| special references:
|
| Thompson, K., Band, S.R., Hodgson, J.G. 1993: Seed size and shape predict persistence in soil. Functional Ecology 7:236-241 (Gattung)
|
| Grime, J.P., Hodgson, J.G., Hunt, R. 1988: Comparative Plant Ecology. Unwin Hyman, London (Gattung)
|
| Griffiths, M.E., Proctor, M.C.F. 1956: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Helianthemum canum (L.) Baumg. (H. marifolium Grosser (1903) non Cistus marifolius L.). Journal of Ecology 44:677-682 (Gattung)
|
| Anderberg, A.L. 1994: Atlas of seeds and small fruits of Northwest-European plant species with morphological descriptions. - Part 4 (Resedaceae - Umbelliferae). Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (Gattung)
|
| Bakker, J.P., Bakker, E.S., Rosén, E., Verweij, G.L. 1997: The soil seed bank of undisturbed and disturbed dry limestone grassland on Öland (Sweden). Z. Ökologie Nat. sch. 6:9-18 (Gattung)
|
| Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
| Böttner, I., Frey, W., Hensen, I. 1997: Carex humilis-Gesellschaft im unteren Unstruttal (mitteldeutsches Trockengebiet) - Lebensstrategien einer xerothermen Vegetationseinheit. Feddes Repertorium 108:7; 583-8; 602 (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
| Luftensteiner, H.W. 1982: Untersuchungen zur Verbreitungssbiologie von Pflanzengemeinschaften an vier Standorten in Niederösterreich. Bibliotheca Botanica 135:1-68 (Gattung)
|
| Thanos, C.A., Georghiou, K., Kadis, C., Pantazi, C. 1992: Cistaceae: a plant family with hard seeds. Israel Journal of Botany 41:251-263 (Gattung)
|
| Wojciechowska, B. 1969: Seed morphology and anatomy of some Helianthemum species. Monographiae Botanicae 29:121-131 (Gattung)
|
| Hensen, I., Kentrup, M. 1998: Teucrio botryos-Melicetum ciliatae (Traubegamander-Wimpergrasflur) - Lebensstrategien in einer xerothemen Fels-Pioniergesellschaft. Tuexenia 18:217-236 (Gattung)
|
|
| Grassland utilization indicator values » |
| Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
| Guild |
H (woody plant) |
| Mowing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to mowing) |
| Grazing tolerance |
6 (between 5 and 7 (moderately tolerant to well tolerant to grazing)) |
| Trampling tolerance |
5 (moderately tolerant to trampling) |
| Foraging value |
2 (no or little forage value) |
| Foraging value for deer |
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
T1.4.1.3 (null)
Alliance: Erico-Pinion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T3.4.2 (null)
Alliance: Seslerietea variae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T5.1 (null)
Alliance: Thlaspietea rotundifolii
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T5.2 (null)
Alliance: Asplenietea trichomanis
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T6.2.2.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Bromion erecti
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T6.2.2.3.2 (null)
Alliance: Festucion valesiacae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T6.2.2.5.1 (null)
Alliance: Violion caninae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T8.1.1 (null)
Alliance: Geranion sanguini
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands)
Class: Festuco-Brometea
|
| English circumscription |
05.6 (Acidic mat-grass communities)
Class: Nardetea strictae
|
| English circumscription |
05.7 (Alpine moor-grass communities)
Class: Seslerietea albicantis
|
| English circumscription |
07.1 (Thermophilous and mesophilous forest grassland ecotones)
Class: Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei
|
| English circumscription |
08.4 (Heather and gorse heathlands)
Class: Calluno-Ulicetea
|
| English circumscription |
10.7 (Snow-heather pine-forests)
Class: Erico-Pinetea
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