| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Hippocrepis comosa L. |
Fabaceae » |
Gewöhnlicher Hufeisenklee
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Hippocrepis comosa L. |
accepted |
|
| Chromosome number » |
| Basic chromosome number |
7 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
14 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
False |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
| Ploidy type |
D (diploid with haploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
| Basic chromosome number |
7 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
28 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
| Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
| Life form » |
| Life form |
H (Hemicryptophyte) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Life span » |
| Life span |
p (pluriennial-pollakanthic) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Vegetative propagation » |
| Vegetative propagation |
a (Runner) |
| Qualifier |
sometimes [2] |
| Storage organs » |
| Storage organs |
a (Runner) |
| Qualifier |
sometimes [2] |
| Storage organs |
p (Pleiocorm) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Shoot metamorphoses » |
| Shoot metamorphoses |
a (Runner) |
| Qualifier |
sometimes [2] |
| Shoot metamorphoses |
p (Pleiocorm) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| Rosettes » |
| Rosettes |
h (Hemirosette plant) |
| Qualifier |
always [1] |
| special references:
|
| Fearn, G.M. 1973: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Hippocrepis comosa L.. Journal of Ecology 61:915-926
|
| Hensen, I. 1997: Life strategies of xerothermic grasslands - mechanisms of reproduction and colonization within Stipetum capillatae s.l. and Adonido-Brachypodietum pinnati. Feddes Repertorium 108:425-452
|
| Ebel, F., Mühlberg, H. 1987: Vergleichend-ökomorphologische Untersuchungen an Pflanzen-Taxa eines Trocken- und Feuchtbiotops. Hercynia N. F. 24:408-424
|
| Kutschera, L., Lichtenegger, E. 1992: Wurzelatlas mitteleuropäischer Grünlandpflanzen. Bd. 2 Pteridophyta und Dicotyledonae (Magnoliopsida). Teil I Morphologie, Anatomie, Ökologie, Verbreitung, Soziologie, Wirtschaft. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena, New York
|
| Salisbury, E. 1952: Downs and dunes. Their plant life and its environment. Bells & Sons, London
|
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
5 |
| End of flowering (months) |
7 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
6 (Cornus sanguinea-Melica uniflora-Phase)
Phenological season: start of early summer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
| Reference |
Fearn, G.M. 1973: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Hippocrepis comosa L.. Journal of Ecology 61:915-926 |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Fearn, G.M. 1973: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Hippocrepis comosa L.. Journal of Ecology 61:915-926 |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SI (self-incompatibel) |
| Reference |
Fearn, G.M. 1973: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Hippocrepis comosa L.. Journal of Ecology 61:915-926 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| SI mechanism » |
| SI mechanism |
GSI (gametophytic self-incompatibility) |
| Reference |
de Nettancourt, D. 1977: Incompatibility in angiosperms. Springer, Berlin |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Fearn, G.M. 1973: Biological Flora of the British Isles: Hippocrepis comosa L.. Journal of Ecology 61:915-926 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
X (allogamous) |
| Reference |
Lumaret, R., Guillerm, J.L., Maillet, J., Verlaque, R. 1997: Plant species diversity and polyploidy in islands of natural vegetation isolated in extensive cultivated lands. Biodiversity and Conservation 6:591-613 |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
yellow |
| Basic flower colour |
g (yellow) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
1 (0-7 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
0 (no UV reflectance patterns) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
H (hymenoptere flowers)
Typical pollinators: hymenopteres |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
6.1c (flag blossom, Fabaceae type, brush mechanism) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
BrF (lomentum) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
TF (mericarp) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
S (seed) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
TF (mericarp) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
sometimes [2] |
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
4.0 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
4.2 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
4.5 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
4.0 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
4.2 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
4.5 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
2.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
2.4 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
2.8 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
1.5 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
1.6 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
1.8 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.0 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.1 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
5.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
5.2 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
6.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Width (mean) [mm] |
|
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Height (mean) [mm] |
|
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
TF (mericarp) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
5.0 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
5.2 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
6.0 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Width (mean) [mm] |
|
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
|
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
|
| Height (mean) [mm] |
|
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
|
| special references:
|
| Böttner, I., Frey, W., Hensen, I. 1997: Carex humilis-Gesellschaft im unteren Unstruttal (mitteldeutsches Trockengebiet) - Lebensstrategien einer xerothermen Vegetationseinheit. Feddes Repertorium 108:7; 583-8; 602 (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
|
| Grassland utilization indicator values » |
| Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
| Guild |
Lk (herbaceous legume) |
| Mowing tolerance |
3 (sensitive to mowing) |
| Grazing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to grazing)) |
| Trampling tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to trampling)) |
| Foraging value |
6 (between 6 and 8 (intermediate to high forage value)) |
| Foraging value for deer |
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
T1.4.1.3 (null)
Alliance: Erico-Pinion
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T3.4.2 (null)
Alliance: Seslerietea variae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T6.2.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Festucetalia valesiaca
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T6.2.3 (null)
Alliance: Festucetalia valesiacae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
05.3 (Fescue-brome communities of dry and semi-dry grasslands)
Class: Festuco-Brometea
|
| English circumscription |
05.7 (Alpine moor-grass communities)
Class: Seslerietea albicantis
|
| English circumscription |
10.7 (Snow-heather pine-forests)
Class: Erico-Pinetea
|
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