| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Swertia perennis L. |
Gentianaceae » |
Blauer Sumpfstern
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Swertia perennis L. |
accepted |
| >Swertia perennis subsp. alpestris (Fuss) Domin & Podp. |
accepted |
| >Swertia alpestris Fuss |
Basionym |
| >Swertia perennis subsp. perennis |
accepted |
|
| Chromosome number » |
| Basic chromosome number |
7 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
28 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
4 (tetraploid) |
| Ploidy type |
P (polyploid with haploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
| Basic chromosome number |
6 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
24 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
|
| Ploidy type |
|
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
| End of flowering (months) |
8 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
3 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
8 (Clematis vitalba-Galium sylvaticum-Phase)
Phenological season: midsummer |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
sv (by seed and vegetatively) |
| Reference |
Krumbiegel, A. 2002: Morphologie der vegetativen Organe (außer Blätter). In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.) BiolFlor - Biologisch-ökologische Daten zur Flora Deutschlands, S. 1-2, Bonn |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
always [1] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
a1 (slightly protandrous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy |
a2 (protandrous) |
| Reference |
Lienert, J., Fischer, M., Schneller, J., Diemer, M. 2002: Isozyme variability of the wetland specialist Swertia perennis (Gentianaceae) in relation to habitat size, isolation, and plant fitness. American Journal of Botany 89:801-811 |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
| Reference |
Kugler, H. 1970: Blütenökologie. 2. Aufl., Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| SI mechanism » |
| SI mechanism |
ID (inbreeding depression) |
| Reference |
Lienert, J., Fischer, M., Schneller, J., Diemer, M. 2002: Isozyme variability of the wetland specialist Swertia perennis (Gentianaceae) in relation to habitat size, isolation, and plant fitness. American Journal of Botany 89:801-811 |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
se (selfing)
Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
at failure of outcrossing [7] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
XF (facultative allogamous) |
| Reference |
Lienert, J., Fischer, M., Schneller, J., Diemer, M. 2002: Isozyme variability of the wetland specialist Swertia perennis (Gentianaceae) in relation to habitat size, isolation, and plant fitness. American Journal of Botany 89:801-811 |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Kugler, H. 1970: Blütenökologie. 2. Aufl., Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
blue, dark dotted |
| Basic flower colour |
b (blue) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
3 (16-27 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
3 (16-27 %) |
| UV reflection pattern |
1 (UV reflectance pattern present) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
B (flowers with totally hidden nectar)
Typical pollinators: bees, bumblebees, wasps, bombylides, syrphids |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
1.2bc (disk flowers with nectar ± hidden nectaries at base of petals) |
|
| Grassland utilization indicator values » |
| Occurrence |
GE (little used grasslands) |
| Guild |
K (forb) |
| Mowing tolerance |
2 (between 1 and 3 (intolerant to sensitive to mowing)) |
| Grazing tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to grazing)) |
| Trampling tolerance |
4 (between 3 and 5 (sensitive to moderately tolerant to trampling)) |
| Foraging value |
3 (little forage value) |
| Foraging value for deer |
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
S2.2.1 (null)
Alliance: Caricion nigrae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
S2.2.2 (null)
Alliance: Caricion davallianae
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
02.2 (Communities of pools and bog-pools)
Class: Scheuchzerio-Caricetea nigrae
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