| species information (Systematics, BiolFlor-Names, Status) |
| BiolFlor-Name |
family |
german name(s) |
| Datura stramonium L. |
Solanaceae » |
Weißer Stechapfel
|
| reference |
|
Kühn, I., Klotz, S. 2002: Systematik, Taxonomie und Nomenklatur. In: Klotz, S., Kühn, I., Durka, W. (Hrsg.): BIOLFLOR - Eine Datenbank mit biologisch-ökologischen Merkmalen zur Flora von Deutschland. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde. Bonn »
|
|
| Synonymy (taxonomy after Wisskirchen & Haeupler, 1998) |
| Datura stramonium L. |
accepted |
| Datura stramonium var. chalybea W. D. J. Koch, nom. illeg. (nom. superfl.) |
Synonym |
| Datura inermis Jacq. |
Synonym |
| Datura stramonium var. tatula (L.) Torr. |
Synonym |
| Datura tatula L. |
Synonym |
| Datura stramonium var. stramonium |
Synonym |
|
| Chromosome number » |
| Basic chromosome number |
12 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
48 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
|
| Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
| Basic chromosome number |
12 |
| Chromosome number 2n |
24 |
| Chromosome number (Germany) |
True |
| Most common chromosome race |
False |
| Ploidy level |
2 (diploid) |
| Ploidy type |
R (palaeopolyploid; polyploid basic number) |
| Reference |
Oberdorfer, E. 1983: Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. Ulmer, Stuttgart |
|
| DNA content » |
| DNA content (pg/2C) |
4.1 |
| Chromosome number |
24 |
| Quality |
chromosome number missing in original source; the most common number was added [f] |
| Authorised in BENNET & LEITCH 2001 |
True |
| Reference |
Bennett, M.D., Leitch, I.J. 1995: Nuclear DNA amounts in angiosperms. Annals of Botany 76:113-176 |
|
| Flowering phenology » |
| Begin of flowering (months) |
6 |
| End of flowering (months) |
10 |
| Duration of flowering (months) |
5 |
| Number of flowering phases |
0 |
| Symphenological Groups » |
| Phenological group |
0 (not available)
Phenological season: not available |
| Reference |
Dierschke, H 1995: Phänologische und symphänologische Artengruppen von Blütenpflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia 15: 523-560 |
|
| Type of reproduction » |
| Type of reproduction |
s (by seed/by spore) |
| Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Warwick, S.I. 1984: The biology of Canadian weeds. 64. Datura stramonium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 64:979-991 |
| Type of seed production » |
| Type of seed production |
s (amphimictic, sexual) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dicliny » |
| Dicliny |
so (hermaphroditic) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Dichogamy » |
| Dichogamy |
h (homogamous) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility » |
| Self-sterility and self-incompatibility |
SC (self-compatibel) |
| Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Warwick, S.I. 1984: The biology of Canadian weeds. 64. Datura stramonium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 64:979-991 |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector » |
| Pollen vector |
se (selfing)
Pollen vector group: se (Selbstbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
at failure of outcrossing [7] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Pollen vector |
in (insects)
Pollen vector group: zo (Tierbestäubung) |
| Abundance |
the rule [2] |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Systematic reference |
species [S] |
| Breeding system » |
| Breeding system |
AF (facultative autogamous) |
| Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Warwick, S.I. 1984: The biology of Canadian weeds. 64. Datura stramonium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 64:979-991 |
| P/O ratio » |
| P/O ratio |
184.0 |
| Reference |
Weaver, S.E., Warwick, S.I. 1984: The biology of Canadian weeds. 64. Datura stramonium L.. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 64:979-991 |
| Floral rewards » |
| Floral rewards |
1 (nectar) |
| Reference |
Knuth, P. 1898: Handbuch der Blütenbiologie. Leipzig |
| Amount of floral reward |
3 (present) |
| Flower color » |
| Flower colour |
white or light violet |
| Basic flower colour |
w (white) |
| Reference |
Schubert, R., Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. (Hrsg.) 1987: Exkursionsflora Band 3. Atlas der Gefäßpflanzen. 6. Aufl., Volk und Wissen, Berlin |
| UV reflection of the flower » |
| UV reflection in the periphery of the flower |
2 (8-15 %) |
| UV reflection in the centre of the flower |
0 (unknown) |
| UV reflection pattern |
2 (unknown) |
| Flower class after MUELLER » |
| Flower class after MUELLER |
Fn (moth flowers)
Typical pollinators: moths |
| Flower type after KUGLER » |
| Flower type after KUGLER |
2.1 (funnel flowers, large) |
|
| Fruit type » |
| Fruit type |
Ka (capsule) |
| Diaspore type » |
| Diaspore type |
S (seed) |
| Germinule type » |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Germinule type |
S (seed) |
| Information available |
True |
| Development of nutritious appendages |
|
| Development of flat appendages |
|
| Development of elongated appendages |
|
| Development of additional appendages |
|
| Weights » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
7.2 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
8.7 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
11.1 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Weight (minimum) [mg] |
7.2 |
| Weight (mean) [mg] |
8.7 |
| Weight (maximum) [mg] |
11.1 |
| Sizes » |
| Measured object |
Germinule |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.3 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
3.6 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
3.8 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
2.6 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.9 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.5 |
| Measured object |
Diaspore |
| Type of germinule or diaspore |
S (seed) |
| Constraint |
False |
| Heteromorphic type |
n (not heteromorphic) |
| Length (minimum) [mm] |
3.3 |
| Length (mean) [mm] |
3.6 |
| Length (maximum) [mm] |
3.8 |
| Width (minimum) [mm] |
2.6 |
| Width (mean) [mm] |
2.9 |
| Width (maximum) [mm] |
3.0 |
| Height (minimum) [mm] |
1.2 |
| Height (mean) [mm] |
1.4 |
| Height (maximum) [mm] |
1.5 |
| special references:
|
| Beijerink, W. 1947: Zadenatlas der Nederlandsche Flora. Biol. Stat. Wijster, Wageningen (Gattung)
|
| Brouwer, W., Stählin, A. 1955: Handbuch der Samenkunde. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main (Gattung)
|
| Hanf, M. 1984: Ackerunkräuter Europas mit ihren Keimlingen und Samen. . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, Wien, Zürich. (Gattung)
|
| Wojciechowska, B. 1972: Systematic studies on the seeds of the Solanaceae Pers. family. Monographiae Botanicae 36:117-178 (Gattung)
|
|
| Habitat » |
| Habitat |
T10.3.3.1 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T8.3 (null)
Alliance: Sisymbrienea
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
| Habitat |
T9.2 (null)
Alliance: ???
|
| Occurrence questionable |
False |
| Occurence restricted |
False |
| Annotation |
|
|
| Class » |
| English circumscription |
06.4 (Annual ruderal communities)
Class: Sisymbrietea officinalis
|
| English circumscription |
06.6 (Chickweed and other field weed communities)
Class: Stellarietea mediae
|
|
|
|
Display of complete information for the selected species. Only traits available for the selected species are displayed.
|
